פקידי הברון רוטשילד

דף הבית » פקידי הברון רוטשילד

לפקידי הברון רוטשילד היה תפקיד מפתח בבנייתן וביסוסן של מושבות העלייה הראשונה. מקובל היום לראות את הברון אדמונד דה רוטשילד כגורם החשוב ביותר שפעל בהקמת מפעל ההתיישבות היהודית בארץ ישראל ובניהולו בראשית ימיו. הברון ישב בפאריס, ומערכת הפקידות שהקים ביצעה הלכה למעשה את המדיניות שהתווה וניהלה בפועל את ההתיישבות.

בעבר היתה מקובלת הדעה כי נוקשותם ויחסם העוין למתיישבים היתה בלתי מוסרית, והודגשו אירועי החיכוך והמרד. הודגשה העובדה כי חלקם היו צרפתים נוצרים חסרי זיקה למפעל ההתיישבות היהודי. אולם אלו היו מעטים (בעיקר "גננים" = מדריכים חקלאיים) בעוד רוב הפקידים היו יהודים. מחקרים מאוחרים, בעיקר של פרופ' רן אהרנסון מעלים תמונה מורכבת ומלאה על חלקם המהותי במפעל, ועל כישוריהם המגוונים.

אהרנסון מדגיש כי כל מי שהועסק בהתיישבות וקיבל משכורת חודשית מהברון היה למעשה "פקיד", והוא מחלק אותם לשבע קבוצות עפ"י העיסוק המרכזי שלהם:

תקופת הברון במושבות מחולקת לשלשה פרקים:

1900-1883 תקופת האפוטרופסות, שליטה ישירה של הפקידות על הנעשה במושבות
1924-1900 ניהול המושבות דרך חברת יק"א
1934-1924 ניהול המשובות דרך חברת פיק"א

המידע אודות הפקידים חלקי ביותר והוא נאסף ממקורות שונים, לעיתים עקיפים.

רב המידע בפרק זה מבוסס על מחקריו של פרופ' רן אהרנסון

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